In 2007, the Nation of Islam had an estimated membership of 20,00050,000. Fard encouraged his followers not to drink alcohol or eat pork, which is standard practice for Muslims. [36][bettersourceneeded], A declassified Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) memorandum dated May 16, 1957, states: "From a review of instant file it does not appear that there has been a concerted effort to locate and fully identify W. D. Fard. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. It's the late 1950s and the civil rights movement is beginning to emerge. WebWallace Fard, also known as Master Wali Farrad Muhammad, founded the Lost and Found Nation of Islam and served as its leader until his mysterious disappearance in the early 1930s. He was known usually as Mr. Wali Farrad or Mr. W. D. Fard, though he used also the following names: Professor Ford, Mr. Farrad Mohammed, Mr. F. Mohammed Ali. "Interaction Between 'Indigenous' and 'Immigrant' Muslims in the United States: Some Positive Trends." Clegg, a history professor at the University of Indiana at Bloomington, responded: The version of the story that characterizes Fard as being of Pakistani descent and having a criminal background seems to have some validity, though neither allegation has been conclusively proven. "Black Muslims," a name coined by C. Eric Lincoln in 1960, refers to the members of one of the most militant and separati, Muhammad, Elijah 18971975 It says that Wallace Fard "is awaiting an immigration hearing. [17] He came to the homes of black families who had recently migrated to Detroit from the rural South. Here in America they were living other than themselves. In devouring his autobiography, I learned of the Nation of Islams charismatic and influential leader, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, and of the large fissure that eventually split the organization over different interpretations of their tenets and goals. So they sent a Messenger to them of their own. For some time, one W. D. Fard assumed leadership of the Moorish movement. All written records and documents that he or other people filled out on his behalf list him as white or caucasian. r d / (born February 26, 1877) was a co-founder of the Nation of Islam. Fard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. In 1933, Fard disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI emerged. WebIn late 1933 or in 1934 Fardmysteriously disappeared from public record. Contemporary American Religion. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He declared that he would heal us and set us in heaven at once, if we would submit to Him. Many people avoided him because of the wild things he sometimes said." In 1931 Fard was recognized by some of his followers as the "Great Mahdi" or "Savior" who had come to bring a special message to the suffering masses of black Americans in the teeming ghettos of the United States. [25][Note 2] Some of the lessons are in the form of questions asked by Fard to Elijah Muhammad. An interesting piece of information that emerged from Elijah Muhammad's son is that Fard was an excellent cook and dietitian. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The past History shows that the ALMIGHTY ALLAH sends Prophets and Apostles for the people's Guide and Example, and through them HIS Mystery was Revealed. How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? Fard disappeared in 1934. [18] He began by selling silks door to door, telling his listeners that the silks came from their ancestral homeland. WebMaster Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. The NOI teaches that Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history. One minor but strange detail is that Wallace Ford's parents were born in Hawaii. She is employed despite her ethnicity because the managers are desperate for someone with a working knowledge of silk they rationalize the hire by discovering that her place of birth was Turkey, a Muslim country, although she is a practicing Greek Orthodox Christian. I guess so, because if you compare their features (ears, nose, chin, mouth, eyes and eyebrows), they're very similar. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. A 1920 birth record for a boy named Wallace Max Ford born in Los Angeles lists his father as Wallace Ford, who was born in New Zealand, and his mother as Hazel Barton. They must clean themselves up both their bodies and their houses. Ford/Fard lied about his background so many times that it's hard to tell what's true and what's not. He is always referred to reverently as the 'Prophet Elijah in Chicago. There is no doubt Fard had many enemies - even within his own organization. Artists who have made references within their music include Jay-Z ("I'm going to chase the Yacub back in the cave"[69]), Jay Electronica ("Lost tribe of Shabazz stylin' on the record", "The son of W.D., who hung around in the D, Who ran around in the three, The trap gods raised me, Face all on the Sphinx, Story all in the wall of the pyramids, Niggas know the Black God saved me"[69]), Brand Nubian ("This Asiatic black man is a dog spelled backwards, The maker, the owner, the cream of the planet earth, Father of civilization, God of the universe, Manifestin thought with my infinite styles, Making sure this travels twenty-three million miles, The other six I set the crucifix, Because the heart of the problem is this."[70]), and Ras Kass in the song "Riiiot" ("Now I got niggas claiming they saw God unfortunately, he wasn't in the person of Master Fard Muhammad").[71]. This is my own personal theory and it is out there so this is a fair warning: I believe that Ford was a FBI plant sent in as a cointel agent to gather intelligence on the civil rights movement that would getting traction in many inner city's and southern States. . ", Fard used the name "W. F. Muhammad" on several lessons written in 1933 and 1934. This fits with Ford's former professions. On a 1917 draft registration card, a Wallie Dodd Ford gave his birthplace as Shinka, Afghanistan. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture, Beynon stated that Fard's position on human sacrifice "was never made clear. MSN Weather tracks it all, from precipitation predictions to severe weather warnings, air quality updates, and even wildfire alerts. [citation needed], Efforts to trace the origins and life story of Fard have been extensive but have yielded only fragmentary results and not even his date of death is known; further complicating any efforts is the fact that only 5 pictures of Fard are known to exist, 4 being mugshots taken after various arrests and one being the official portrait by the Nation of Islam; most observers agreed they all belong to the same person which was confirmed via facial recognition analysis. "[62], Fard's lessons actually state that the "traders" referenced by Beynon, came to Africa, not Mecca.[63]. Most sources in the Nation of Islam claim that he hailed from The Holy City Mecca in Saudi Arabia, 1920 Federal U.S. Census, Los Angeles City, Enumeration District 206, Sheet 10B, California State Board of Health, County of Orange, Certificate of Marriage, Local Registered No. Ford reported that he was a cook, age 26, born in Oregon and living in Los Angeles. Who was Wallace Fard and what happened to him? Fard through a vent. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 44 records found for Wallace Rd, Oswego, KS 67356. Tracing Ford's link to Portland, the FBI determined he had married an 18-year-old Native American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen. Consequently, Fard and another leader, Ugan Ali, were arrested and questioned. [11] In 2020, it attracted an estimated 14,000 participants. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Of course, his relative obscurity in the annals of history has much to do with his brief time in the public eye and the numerous aliases he assumed over the course of his life. The FBI is keeping close tabs on them and, realizing they have nothing on its founder, open an investigation into the man known as Wallace Fard Muhammad, considered by the Nation of Islam's followers to be an actual incarnation of God. Farrakhan, a high-ranking member of NOI at the time of Elijah Muhammads death, became disillusioned with the new direction and quit the NOI in 1978. They must learn that they are the original people, noblest of the nations of the earth. Through his friendly manner he was able to gain access to the homes of poor African Americans and began to teach about their "true religion," not Christianity but the "religion of the Black Man" of Asia and Africa. In Middlesex, Fard is revealed to be Desdemonas brother-in-law, who had been presumed dead after a rum-running incident. Fards First Temple of Islam included the Fruit of Islam, a military-like organization of black male converts, a Muslim Girls Training Corps Class and a University of Islam which, despite its name, was mainly focused on elementary and high-school level education. [67] The FBI charged that Takahashi had been an influential presence in the Nation of Islam. Do you personally think Fard fled Detroit in the 1930s and lived on elsewhere, or do you think he was killed? When nothing further was heard from him, some rumored that he had been killed by police. What seems most remarkable is that Fard seems to have utterly disappeared from the governments (especially the FBIs) radar after leaving Detroit in 1933. The local police traced the murderer's ideology back to Fard and arrested him. While there is plenty written about Ford, not much is known about Fard. [56] In his 1962 book Black Nationalism: The Search for an Identity, Essien-Udom wrote: "Noble Drew Ali was shot and stabbed in his offices at the Unity Club in Chicago on the night of March 15, 1929 He was eventually released on bond, but a few weeks later, he died under mysterious circumstances. In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. 9 Mysterious Disappearances of People Other Than Amelia Earhart, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallace-D-Fard, Wallace D. Fard - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). "[37] The FBI took note of the article written by Erdmann Doane Beynon, and it conducted a search for Fard using various aliases including the name "Ford". $95 night. Fard disappeared in 1934. WebFard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. On their marriage record, Ford gave his race as Spanish, his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 26. Others, however, suggest that he was killed by [Sheik Claude] Greene's partisans. [16] From those interviews, Beynon wrote that Fard lived and taught in Detroit from 1930 to 1934. Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. Muhammad, Elijah. The FBI maintained an open file on Fard Muhammad up until as late as 1960, according to documents published through the Freedom of Information Act. In 1933, Fard disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI emerged. WebWallace Dodd Ford or Fard was also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad and he was the founder of the Nation of Islam in the 1930s in Detroit, MI. But as a prerequisite for black liberation, he stressed the importance of attaining "knowledge of self." . Fard reportedly claimed to have been born in 1877. [20], Beynon described disputes and tension that arose between the new community and the police over the group's refusal to send their children to public schools. Attendances to his sermons rapidly grow over the next three years and then suddenly, without announcing his departure, he disappears, never to be seen or heard from again. And that He was able to force the whole world into submission to his will. [32][33], Dodd left his family in 1916 and moved to Los Angeles, using the name Wallie Dodd Ford. Using both the Bible and the Qur'an, he began with meetings in houses until he had enough members to rent a storefront, which he called Temple of Islam No. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f3/Wallace_Fard_Muhammad.jpg. WebThe FBIs FOIA Library contains many files of public interest and historical value. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). [20], With regard to Elijah Muhammad, Beynon's article stated: "From among the larger group of Muslims there has sprung recently an even more militant branch than the Nation of Islam itself. He was ultimately forced to leave Detroit because of an allegation that he encouraged one of his followers to engage in a ritual of human sacrifice. Interestingly she had found a letter among his personal belongings addressed to one "Fred Dodd" of Portland. Wallace Fard Muhammad was the founder of the Nation of Islam. [66] He was linked to the Pacific Movement of the Eastern World and Japanese agitators such as Satokata Takahashi, and Ashima Takis. On the other hand, in a speech made on April 1, 2001, titled The Greatness of Master Fard Muhammad, the Honorable Minister Louis Farrakhan reiterated Fards origins in the Holy City of Mecca, and referred to him as the Mahdi, a man absolutely guided by God in the Islam faith. They would have been born back in the 1860's, long before Hawaii was a part of the United States. Contemporary American Religion. This cursory bit of knowledge was enough to satisfy my curiosity for many years, during which my contact with the Nation of Islam was limited to regularly buying bean pies from neatly dressed men standing on Livernois who were also peddling the groups newspaper, The Final Call. Pan-Islam is the ideology that calls for the unity and cooperation of Muslims worldwide on the basis of their shared Islamic identity. [64][65] Fard wrote the following for his followers: "[T]he LESSONS that OUR SAVIOUR (ALLAH) gave us to Study and Learn is the Fulfillment of the Prophecies of All the Former Prophets concerning the Beginning of the Devils, and the Ending of the Civilization, and of our Enslavement by the Devils, and Present Time of our Delivery from the Devils by OUR SAVIOUR (ALLAH). Modern Nation of Islam theology is based upon the belief that Fard's teaching of Elijah Muhammad was fulfillment of scripture regarding God's teaching of an Apostle, where Fard is described as "God in Person", the "Messiah", and the "Mahdi". He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. Omissions? WebIn late 1933 or in 1934 Fardmysteriously disappeared from public record. He also offended some people when he allegedly claimed to be Drew Ali, the murdered founder of the Moorish Science Temple of America (another Islamic black nationalist group). Did Shakespeare actually author the work attributed to his name? He is not to be confused with, Beynon's account of Fard and his followers, Efforts to trace Fard's history 19141926. "[48][dubious discuss] An FBI memorandum dated August 1963 states that the FBI had not been able to verify his birthdate or birthplace, and "he was last heard from in 1934. [8][29], Karl Evanzz of The Washington Post submitted a Freedom of Information Act request to the FBI in 1978 requesting its file on Fard. Islam in the African AmericanExperience. The FBI then tracked down Wallie D. Ford's caucasian ex-wife, Hazel Evalsizer, living in LA. -, Press J to jump to the feed. [28] Additionally, Fard is alleged to have used up to 58 different aliases during his life. 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