Yet Wood v. Ward did not set a sweeping legal precedent. Now I was in trouble. The story told by Bill deepens in complexity, and involves a plot by Ables son to run to Mexico, though most of his slaves deny that they were going to go along. For them, the money Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference. See, Trinity River (specific place illegible, but may be Madisonville) (possibly by July 22, when he paid $28 for a ferry, according to page 5 of the journal), qq Transcribe relevant portions of Texas diary, qq Go through probate records on Ancestry. The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they persuaded Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himself provided he could get her. A Note to our Readers Goes Friday to see after some negroes I had hired in Falls Co. Stays with H. L. Bennett. Negro slave owners were listed in 29 Kentucky counties (see below). Phoebe is living with a good family for her food and clothing only. In November 2015, I retraced some of this route by car when coming back from Natchez. 2023 Smithsonian Magazine (She is still living this October 6, 1932. "And I know some people might think that's strange," says Belton, 76.. Left for home 4th Feby 1864. On Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters. Brandon Plantation was situated in the area where the regularized production of bright leaf tobacco was developed in the 1820s, an industry requiring slave labor. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new information for todays descendants in a first-of-its-kind online database, society officials say. February 27, 2023 By restaurants on the water in st clair shores. The unfolding of our country's history with slavery, at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue and its surrounding streets, is critical for all Americans to understand. Brandon owning 287 horses, cattle, sheep & miscellaneous property, valued at $2120, and no real estate. Wood was among them. The plantation, however, plays a role in the darkest period of American history. he goes to look at Robertsons land and is piloted by Mr. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. Call List Agent for a Fact Sheet. In June 1866, The New Orleans Daily Crescent published an announcement that Gerard Brandons wife Charlotte was awarded a separation of property between her and her husband by the Court of New Orleans. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. Today, many reparations advocates look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and white supremacy. Old Mr. S. Turner bought Jane and children. Henrietta Woods story began two centuries ago with her birth in northern Kentucky. Set in 19th century Louisiana, Smith portrays a runaway slave who embarks on a treacherous journey to Baton Rouge while thwarting off violent plantation owners. Elsewhere in the database is a stark description of the sale of slaves and goods in a February 11, 1858, typed letter from slaveholder William Daniel Cabell of Benvenue in Nelson County, Virginia, to his wife, Elizabeth Nicholas Cabell. "Fortunately for this country the institution of slavery has passed away," he had instructed the jurors, "and we should not bring our particular ideas of the legality or morality of an institution of that character into Court or the jury-box." Clipping of J. H. Coltons map of the state of Louisiana and eastern part of Texas (1863) showing locations mentioned in Brandons account of his flight from Natchez. Historic house in Mississippi, United States, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places listings in Adams County, Mississippi, The Clarion-Ledger: Historic house donated to Natchez foundation, Official website for Brandon Hall Plantation, History of the National Register of Historic Places, List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state, List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places, University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places portal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brandon_Hall_(Washington,_Mississippi)&oldid=1090743436, Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi, National Register of Historic Places in Adams County, Mississippi, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 31 May 2022, at 03:54. Snowfall, the deepest I ever saw in the South. Begins December 31 entry, bitter cold, water freezes on the shelf inside his cabin. Slaves from West Africa were first brought over to grow rice. W. Caleb McDaniel is a professor of history at Rice University. Begins December 27 entry. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. It remains the largest known sum ever granted by a U.S. court in restitution for slavery. We may receive a commission for purchases made through these links. Brandon Hall in Natchez, MS was built by Gerard Brandon and his wife Charlotte (Hoggatt). I wanted to really know. And when the carriage finally rolled to a stop outside of Covington, Wards men were waiting. Dudley I think will die. Arrival of Mrs Spark and her son, other Mississippi refugees, who had found and brought Jack Lancaster. I need to know my history, she said, adding the site may help her prove or disprove many of the things shes heard about her familys past. about opposition to refugees, particularly if they had much property, and the slogan rich mans war & the poor mans fight. Another refugee who had fenced up a spring. Its a model and I hope the rest of the states catch up real quickly.. The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they convinced Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himselfprovided he could get her. Educator and interpreter Joseph McGill founded the Slave Dwelling Project as a living history lesson. It went through a number of owners before becoming an inn and event venue. Chilly weather. Has dinner with a woman who is hard on all who were not in the army, two soldiers from Vicksburg also critical of Mississippians. When he returned to camp,Sanford had come up with all the negroes. The Prospect Hill Plantation is without a doubt one of the most historically significant sites in the state. The house was built c. 1765 by . By 1983, only 40 acres remained and the house had fallen into disrepair. Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. She must be about 85 years old now. She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. Then, in 1848, Jane Cirode went to a county courthouse and registered Wood as free. Drayton Hall's African American history interpretation began with Richmond Bowens, who was descended from enslaved African Americans at Drayton Hall. Property is 45 acres and one of the few private driveways directly off the Natchez Trace Parkway. How many [illegible] I have doctored & sick negroes, swelled feet & legs, swelled stomachs, dyptheria, fever, seems to me nearly all man is heir to, but all well this morning & I am thankful it is no worse. Medicine nearly out. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. This site contains affiliate links to products. With help from his mothers court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family and paid for his own schooling. With help from his mother's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family, and paid for his own schooling. As one put it, Wood's award was "not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty" she had suffered, but it would "be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.". Saturday April 17, 2021 The widely acclaimed Slave Dwelling Project comes to Natchez April 17 as part of an effort designed to bring attention to the world of the enslaved in the Natchez District. Cookie Settings, Illustration by Cliff Alejandro; Source material: W. Caleb McDaniel; NYPL (3), Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. The plantation, founded in 1681, is one of the oldest working plantations in the US. The private, nonprofit historical society, the fourth-oldest in the nation, is assembling a growing roster of slaves names and other information, such as the slaves occupations, locations and plantation owners names, said Levengood. "I can't quite tell my age," Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. Brandon Hall Plantation, west side. For them, the money Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference. If you purchase an item through these links, we receive a commission. His wife Charlotte (age 49) and his children Mary (15) and Charles (5) are listed as fellow members of the household. The gang located Wood's employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. The free, public website also provides a high-resolution copy of the antique documents that identify the slave. Its an incredibly complicated and tragic institution that were just beginning to understand the dimensions of, Levengood said. I suffer much mentally.. Living very poor. His travels for land continue. whole race. The Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names website is the first online resource listing slaves names across all of slaveholding Virginia, the nations oldest state which had the largest enslaved population, numbering a half million people, at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, society officials said. His brother was Dr.James C. Brandon (1820-1884), with whom he was particularly close; both brothers named sons after the other. Brandon was a very rich man, Wood later said. The other refers to Sandys desire, like his, to hear from home. Yes, Boone Hall Plantation did have slaves right from the time it was established in 1681. Ward planned to make Wood the latest victim of this trade, but she resolved to fight. In the 1860 census, a 43-year-old Gerard Brandon is listed as a farmer in Adams County, Mississippi. In January 1914, the plantation, house, and land was sold to George Hightower as a result of a default on a promissory note, thus ending an 81-year chain of ownership by the Brandon and Hoggatt families. According to scarborough2003, p. 432, Brandon owned 706 enslaved people on plantations in Adams County (512), Concordia Parish (113) and Tensas Parish (81) in the 1860 Census, making him the tenth largest slaveholder in Scarborough's sample for 1860, even though he does not appear on Scarborough's sample of planters with over 500 slaves in 1850. Zebulon Ward was their man. The plantation is located on 4,500 of the original 7,000 acres patented to Captain John Martin (1562-1632) in 1616. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. List of troubles: screw wormshow many of them there are. These 81 years extended from Mississippi's frontier days during the period of grace and plenty before the Civil War, and through the South's darkest hours after the war. The family plans to occupy the. This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. In 1987 the home was completely renovated and restored, perfectly duplicating the original construction. Copyright 2019 Smithsonian Institution. One half illegible. The tract was known as Martin's Brandon. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas,. Improve this listing Property amenities Free parking She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. A record now at the National Archives in Chicago confirms that he did, in 1879. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. Brandon Hall Plantation. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. Vital statistics in the below list draw on the Brandon Children website and a public family tree on Ancestry. If you know of any others send the information to me. It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. Sometimes its a real detective work. The $2,500 verdict, the largest ever of its kind, offers evidence of the generational impact such awards can have. There are 10 enslaved women between 31-48 years old listed as mulatto on this schedule. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. Now she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats. 468 Filed Under: Mississippi Natchez Natchez herculoids gloop and gleep sounds Saving Slave Houses Project Preservationist Jobie Hill gave a tour of the Brandon Plantation in southern Virginia and talked about her Saving Slave Houses project and read more Report. Brandon Hall Plantation was built in 1856 outside of Natchez. Cirode's daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirode's manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. Wood was among them. Ella Brandon Stantons daughter, Charlotte Brandon (1866-1936), married Dunbar Surget Merrill. One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. All the while, however, there were people conspiring to take her freedom away. The first plantations in the Americas of sugar cane, cocoa, tobacco, and cotton were maintained and harvested by African slaves controlled by European masters. That means many American families with slave ancestors could have roots in Virginia, Levengood said. Documents citing slaves go back to the 1690s: Thats when slavery starts to grow fast in Virginia and other English colonies, Levengood said. Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious "slave catchers." A second ferry location is illegible, but he also paid for ferries across Cocodrie Bayou and Cross Bayou. She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. The sale included 1,514 7 /10 acres and a town lot and buildings in Mt Pleasant. Learns that some have been plotting to start off for Miss. Captivating Houses, Returns from Salado to reports of death, including Henrietta has just come to say Diceys little boy is dead. After moving to Ables, All at Home for the war. Description of the Able Family , and another Mississippi refugee named Williams.10 Difficulty getting a beef he had paid for. Wonderful site.. In 1834, the teenager was bought by a merchant in Louisville and taken from her family. Mulberry Hill and White Hall Plantations, located in Bryan County, Georgia, had more than 130 slaves when Richard James Arnold took over in 1823. More on Mandys child. Sign up so you don't miss a single old house!!! Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. The trial began only after eight years of litigation, leaving Wood to wonder if she would ever get justice. Going directly from Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads. By the 3rd he paid $53 for a ferry at Trinity, Louisiana (likely to cross the Black River), and then paid $38 to cross Little River on the 7th. Your Privacy Rights They note that disenfranchisement and segregation only worsened the racial wealth gap, which was established under slavery and remains today. Zebulon Ward was their man. Discusses leaving Poole with a power of attorney, and one with Bennett if Poole becomes indisposed. Chew constructed the first permanent dwelling consisting of a three-room brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820. Brandon Hall is a beautifully restored plantation home that dates back to 1856. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. Discovery Company. "I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. All the while, however, there were people conspiring to take her freedom away. Begins November 2 & 3 entry, attends a public sale of someones effects. Friends visit from Waco. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: "We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.". The plantation was named after its original owner, Major John Boone, who came to the Carolina colony from Bermuda. Gerard Brandon, Wood's last owner, was one of the largest plantations in all of the American South. Enough to make a man gloomy. Reads Ellas letter. If you are interested in a house, all information, including: price, status, neighborhood, condition, etc., must be independently verified. Advertising Notice Major Boone was a successful planter and slave owner, and his plantation . 5-11: a debit and credit ledger for the trip; debits begin on 5 (numbered by Brandon as 7) and then are carried over on 8 through 11, with a final total (summed by me from Brandons subtotals) of $19,145.60 in expenses by February 2; credits begin page 6 (numbered by Brandon as 8) and then continue on 13 to 14, where a final total made by Brandon on February 2 shows $10,168.25 in credits, Begin August 1863 entry. They also operate tours during the fall and spring pilgrimages. The Brandons were harvesters of cotton, sugarcane, and indigo and owned 700 slaves. Born into bondage in Kentucky, Wood testified, she had been granted her freedom in Cincinnati in 1848, but five years later she was kidnapped by Ward, who sold her, and she ended up enslaved on a Texas plantation until after the Civil War. The Virginia Historical Society finds 3,200 slaves named in private documents, The unpublished documents are from Virginians' attics, basements and desk drawers, "We sold all the negros 43 in number at astonishingly large prices," an 1858 letter says, One user of the society's free database of slaves finds the owner of his great-great-great-grandfather. Cirodes daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirodes manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. "Brandon was a very rich man," Wood later said. The letter continued: Jane and three children brought $2795. Begins December 24 entry. Woods victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. In order to identify records of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families. 1844, d. 1900; married Aaron Tip Stanton on October 12, 1865), James C. Jim Brandon (b. It wasn't until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. Privacy Statement One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. and was bought for Miss Perking of Buckingham.. Gangs worked throughout the antebellum period to capture free black men, women, and children and smuggle them into the South, under the cover of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which required the return of runaway slaves. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. An 1858 runaway slave ad for Elijah, who said Gerard Brandon was his owner, is in the Runaway Slaves in Mississippi project, edited by Douglas Chambers and Max Grivno, on p.536. On the page opposite the list of deaths, there are also notations about Middletons expenses. Daisy Patterson Brandon Dale (Natchez: Daisy Patterson Brandon Dale, 2007), 72., Williams may be the Mississippi-born Walter Williams who died in 1959 at age 117, though that claim has been questioned., Phoebe appears to have been owned by Brandons brother Dr.James C. Brandon. CROSS THAT RIVER continues in New York for a limited engagement through Sunday, Dec. 31 at the 59E59 Theaters (59 East 59th Street, between Madison and Park Avenues). A Natchez refugee visits and told of many negroes who went to Yankees, that Billy Sanderson had killed himself drinking with them, that Freds wife had been hung, that Merrill was giving them dinner parties &c. but had heard never a word of my family. Feelings of worry and suspense. Brandon is an historic plantation located on the south shore of the James River in Prince George County, Virginia. Mitchell.. It would have bought 20,000 in Confederate money at that time. The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchezs infamous Forks of the Road slave market. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. Its a database for the ones that are coming up. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. And spring pilgrimages they had much property, valued at $ 2120, and paid her join... Leaving Poole with a good family for her food and clothing only Major was. As the 12 jurors returned to their seats traders put Wood up sale! Harvesters of cotton, and his wife Charlotte ( Hoggatt ) and three Children brought $.... Anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever one of the generational impact such awards can.... 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