Kieffer pears are best suited for raw applications, cooked applications such as baking and poaching, and canning. French Seedling: Rootstock commonly used for Bartlett and Winter Nellis pears. form a strategic partnership called N.C. Height: 18-20 ft. or 8-10 ft. Will this tree pollinate a Moonglow pear tree? Accept A growing legacy since 1816. Pear flesh tends to oxidize or turn brown when cut and exposed to the air. hoosierquilt . Your email address will not be published. pear trees. Here's a list that our experts recommend for this variety. Pare and core hard-ripe Kieffer pears. Starting with just one tree wont work. We've 'tagged' this item with specific keywords that help you find other products that share features or characteristics with this one. 'Anjou', which produces light-green fruit with a sweet flavor. View Map. It makes a great choice for planting dwarf pear trees when space is at a premium. Be aware that pears can take from a few years or more to begin flowering and bear fruit. Planting: Plant your Pear Tree in a location that features full sun (6 to 8 hours per day) and well-draining soil. The main difference between these pears and the leading varieties (Bartlett and d'Anjou) is that they're red in color! Kieffer, Ayers, Orient, Moonglow, and Hood Pear trees on Easley Island. This is a simple guide and may seem confusing, but if all else fails, choose several plants that flower at the same time and your pear future should be secure. Pollination: Ayers, Moonglow, Bosc, any European or Asian Pears or a nearby Bradford ornamental pear tree. Moonglow, Seckel, Ayers, Orient, and Korean Giant. The flavor of Forelle is enhanced when you pair it with a sharp cheese. Moonglow Pear Phonetic Spelling PY-russ kom-YOO-nis Description The Moonglow pear tree is resistant to Fire Blight and can bear fruits for many years. #1. Pear Flavor: 8 If a pear tree is weak, stressed, or diseased, it will produce very little fruit or poor quality fruit. What type of pears do Harry and David use? Nearly all pears require cross-pollination from a second cultivar or variety that flowers at the same time. Thanks! Read about the Stark Bro's history that spans over 200 years . Standard pears fruit in 4 to 8 years and can live for 75 years. Forelle: Forelle means trout in German and this pear gets that name because it has the same coloring as a Rainbow trout! Pear 'Moonglow', Moonglow Pear, Pyrus 'Moonglow' A very heavy bearer, Pyrus communis 'Moonglow' is a multi-purpose cultivar with a profusion of fragrant, creamy white flowers in early mid-season (early-mid spring). My wife doesn't the majority of pears due to their grainy texture, she thinks it's like eating sand. How to eat Seckel pears: Sweet and crunchy, theyre fun to snack on, to use as a garnish or in salads and other fresh pear recipes. Most pears don't do this. Bartlett pears (also called Williams) have what most people would consider the true "pear flavor." Both red and green Bartletts are bell-shaped. Nearly all pear trees are suitable for pollinating species that bloom at the same time. Asian pear varieties require as few as 400 hours of winter chill. Height: 20 ft. or 12-15 ft. Width: 20 ft. or 10 ft. Site: Full sun. You can also simply rely upon your neighbors pear tree as a pollinator. Hi! The space you have to grow a pear tree will determine the form of the tree. The skin has been reported to be bitter but not objectionable. Youll recognize notes of all your favorite fall spices (cinnamon, nutmeg, etc.) You'll find answers to many questions on our FAQ page. How to eat Bosc pears: Bosc pears have a sweet-tart flavor, and firm flesh that holds up well to baking. Moonglow is a high-quality early-season pear, which ripens about a week before Bartlett. In fact when you let a pear ripen completely the tree, since it ripens from the inside out, the inside is so soft it's almost rotten at that point. Farmers still like for local sales as this variety is one of the most resistance to diseases. ), Copyright 2023 Eat Like No One Else on the Foodie Pro Theme. Hardy in zones 5 through 8, the Moonglow tree will grow to around 10 feet tall. Moonglow Pear Tree are not self-fertile and needs a pollination partner of a different variety nearby to produce fruit. Create a membership account to save your garden designs and to view them on any device. The Moonglow pear's soft, juicy flesh is nearly free of grit and has a sweet mild flavor. The juiciest pear varieties are Anjou pears, Bartlett pears, and Concorde pears. It is ready for picking about mid-August making it an early variety. While the Ayers pear is self-pollinating, planting it near a Bartlett pear will yield a better crop. A strong pollinator for other pear varieties. Mature Size The standard Bartlett pear grows to a height of about 20' and a spread of around 20' at maturity. The long tapering neck of the smaller pears reminds one of the many times larger Devoe pear. We love to keep in touch with our customers and talk about what's happening each season at Stark Bro's. Meanwhile, if a tree is female and contains flowers, then it has female flowers and produces fruit. on: function(evt, cb) { Anjou pears have a sweet, slightly citrus flavor and are available nearly year-round. For a standard-size pear tree, the pollinator must be within 100 feet, according to Arbor Day Foundation. The other list has varieties that are not all MN hardy. Egg-shaped Anjou pears come in green and red varieties, and theyre especially attractive when both colors are arranged together in fruit bowls or sliced onto salads. Though Bartlett pears are partially self-fruitful, meaning they will produce fruits on their own, they do best with a compatible nearby pear tree for pollination, such as Kieffer, Moonglow, or Stark pear-tree varieties. You can find them in stores from September through the early months of winter. Stepovers are knee-high, single, horizontal cordons bent at right angles close to the ground. An entire section of our website dedicated to your growing success. Prevent pests by spraying 'Moonglow' pear trees with dormant oil after the trees have lost their leaves and become dormant, usually from late fall through early spring . You can plant the tree off to the side. http://www.tytyga.com/Moonglow-Pear-p/moonglow-pear-tree.htm The Moonglow pear tree grows an abundant crop of delicious pears that ripen in the fall and are. These low horizontal trees can be used in small gardens as decorative borders. How close do pear trees have to be to cross pollinate? How to plant pear trees. Theyre known as the sweetest pear variety, and are often the variety shipped in gift boxes. Another pear harvest has come to a close for our Rushing Rivers pear growers, and now there are numerous pear varieties making their way to your grocery store. To each quart of ground pears add the following: 3 cups sugar Juice of one lemon Grated rind of one-half lemon teaspoon ground ginger Pear honey. Bartlett pear is the #1 choice for pollinators. Moonglow is a high-quality early-season pear. Pick plants in the same pollination group for the best chance at big crops. To create additional collections, you must be a paid member of our site. Originates from Maryland, introduced in 1960. Pears are hardy to -20F/ -29C. Don't expect pears to be palatable right off the tree. })(); Join our gardening family to receive the latest tips. 11 years ago. Pollination groups represent flowering periods. Fortunately with pears they do not need to ripen on the tree to be good. Containerized pear plants can be planted now. Will this tree pollinate a Moonglow pear tree? Some pear trees can even produce parthenocarpic fruits, which have no seeds and grow without fertilization. They can also be tossed with a fairly acidic salad dressing. USDA ZONES: Zone 4, Zone 5, Zone 6, Zone 7, Zone 8, Zone 9. Choose two other trees in the same pollination group. A strong pollinator for other pear varieties. Its also much smaller than most pears and has a short season from September to December. These trees can be pruned to a central leader (a single main shoot rising from the trunk) or several leaderssometimes pruned to a cup shape. Pick while the fruit is still hard and store in a cool place. It is believed that the pear was known by prehistoric man, but there is no agreement on whether the apple came first or the pear. Welcome to Harvest to Table. They come to harvest in late summer and fall and ripen off of the tree after the harvest. This tree grows at a fast rate, with height increases of more than 24" per year. If allowed to fully ripen, this is a very fine pear. Most pear trees need cross-pollination from nearby pollen sources of common trees, but some pear trees usually do not need cross-pollinators to produce fruit because they are self-fruitful. Espaliers are commonly trained to horizontal wires stretched 24 inches apart. Orient and Warren supposed to be very resistant too and bit softer. The tree is disease-resistant to fire blight and will bear fruit for years. Look for Comice pears that feel heavy for their size and test the fruit around the stem to see if the pear is ripe: it should be quite tender and smell as you would expect. Originally published in September 2020; updated September 2021. A hybrid between a European and Chinese sand pear with large yellow fruit. Good for canning and fresh use. Its smooth, melting flesh is sure to delight. If you are in an isolated area and only want to plant one tree, choose a self-fertile variety. The majority of apples and pears are usually ready to pick in October. The skin of Seckel pears ranges from pale green to deep red, and theyre available in stores from September through February. Standard-size pear trees are not commonly planted in home gardens. Bartlett pears are very popular for snacking, and the main variety used for canning. The Kieffer's pears, while not as sweet as other varieties, are good for baking, canning and fresh eating. The blooms are partially self-pollinating, but better crops will develop pollinating with another high chill variety. Here is a link to info about growing pears in MN. ); The white flesh is crisp, juicy, with a coarse texture. How many chill hours does a Kieffer pear tree need? Choose varieties that overlap their flowering time. Kieffer Pear this tree grows in Zones 4 to 9, and produces medium to large green fruit that matures in mid-October. Bosc Pear Crisp when raw, Bosc pears are the best example of the soft, crunchy texture that pears are typically associated with. not tasty pears - moonglow pears are great + juicy Immunox and Serenade sprays finally mitigated years of fire blight and cedar rust problems thankfully . Height: 18-20 ft. or 8-10 ft. What does Moonglow pear taste like? His books include Vegetable Garden Growers Guide, Vegetable Garden Almanac & Planner, Tomato Growers Answer Book, and Kitchen Garden Growers Guide. While every effort has been made to describe these plants accurately, please keep in mind that height, bloom time, and color may differ in various climates. The fruit from these European pear trees are large, with brownish-green skin, and requires a pollinator for best production. Espaliers, like cordons, are good for small spaces. Excellent for both hot and cold climates, Pyrus Called the 'aristocrat of pears', Pyrus communis A red-skinned sport of 'Bartlett', Pyrus communis Pyrus calleryana (Callery Pear) is listed in the Beautiful in bloom, handsome in full leaf, heavy By Alter-ego, By Nikolay Rudenko, Shutterstock. If your trees or plants do not survive, please let us know within one year of delivery. Has a chill hours (CU) requirement of 350400. Moonglow pears ripen in early August, about two weeks before Bartlett. So what were the results? . Pear trees require full sunlight in order to produce fruit. Overall, your best crops will come from plants that have a partner or two. If the fruit trees do grow tall, however, close planting can cause problems. But this color change is pretty hard for me to see, and squeezing has never worked for me. Propagate by grafting or chip budding onto a clonal rootstock for fruit; quince rootstocks are usually used. The tree is vigorous, upright and fire blight resistant. The Moonglow pear tree is resistant to Fire Blight and can bear fruits for many years. The ultimate size of a pear tree is determined by its rootstock. The most common pear is kieffer. That means early and late varieties are not likely cross-pollinated. Thank you for stopping by! Canning Pears: Colette, Maxine (Starking Delicious). $27.25 A 1960 U.S.D.A. This type can store for up to 6 months with little loss in quality. If a tree is male and contains flowers, then it has male flowers and produces pollen. Early Season Varieties: Aurora, Clapps Favorite, Max Red Bartlett, Moonglow, Orient, Packhams Triumph, Red Clapp (Starkrimson), Tyson. Quince A: Trees growing on this rootstock will grow 15 to 20 feet tall and can grow in poor soil. Waiting for a pear tree to begin producing fruit is an exercise in patience, but pear trees reward the grower by producing fruit for 75 years or longer. Quince rootstocks begin fruiting earlier than other rootstocks. If he had to narrow down his favorite Stemilt fruit, it would be Bing cherries from Stemilt Hill. August harvest: Shenseiki, Ya Li, Moonglow, Seigyoku, Chojuro, Nijisseiki, Fan Stil, Pineapple, Kikusui, Anjou, Seckel, Monterrey. The kieffer pear can be expected to grow in Hardiness Zones 49. Needs at least two cultivars to ensure adequate pollination. While a single Japanese maple can provide a striking focal Rich in texture and interest, this elegant summer garden Adorned with lavender in full bloom on either side, this One of the most stunning variegated trees, Cornus Flowering cherry trees are typically planted for the Flowering cherry trees make a dramatic statement when in Wow! Standard and dwarf pear tree varieties can be grown as espaliersusually kept to 8 or 9 feet tall by pruning. The flesh is smooth and melting with a very sweet flavor. Mostly they are planted in commercial orchards. Dwarf shoots on old wood. Make sure that your hardiness zone lies within the zone compatibility range of this variety before ordering. callback: cb They should ripen within three to ten days. Old Home x Farmingdale: Somewhat dwarfing rootstock. - YouTube Skip navigation Sign in 0:00 / 4:25 Kieffer, Ayers, Orient, Moonglow, and Hood Pear. Pears can be trained in many of the ways as apples. The Orient is the most prolific - those are Orient pears in the photo above. Only plants will be removed from the collection. But once they start producing, pear trees are prolific and long-lasting! Soil pH should be approximately 6.0-7.0. } Monterrey- originated in Mexico and was introduced in 1952 by Aldridge Nursery (Von Ormy, TX). Red Anjou pears retain their deep maroon hues when ripe and ripen from the inside out. Stepovers are trained just as cordons only lower. Is self-fertile but provides a better crop when planted in multiples. Juiciness: 6. Bartlett is partially self-fertile and does not need a pollination partner, but fruiting is likely to be better if there is a compatible partner of a different variety nearby. The leaves are alternately arranged, simple, 2-12 cm (1- 4 + 1 2 in) long, glossy green on some species, densely silvery-hairy in . You can intermix these varieties and still get a successful fruit set, as they all bloom around the same time. Triploid cultivars will need two other pollinators. like Bartlett or Blake's Pride. Pears will tolerate poor soils and even clay soils but are less productive in very heavy soils. The Moonglow pears soft, juicy flesh is nearly free of grit and has a sweet mild flavor. 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved Plant at least two and even three pear trees to ensure pollination. Like apples, there are pears for fresh eatingdessert pearsand pears for cookingculinary pears. The pear can develop a red blush if it's on the tree long enough (mine didn't have any blush on them). Plant standard pear trees 18 to 25 feet apart. It is common to pick pears green. Late Varieties: Anjou, Bosc (Beurre Bosc, Golden Russet), Comice (Doyenne du Comice, Royal Riviera), Duchess, Dumont, Gorham, Kieffer, Le Conte, Magness, Maxine (Starking Delicious), Mericourt, Orient, Patten, Seckel, Winter Nellis. Trees growing on this rootstock may be slightly smaller than other fruits but the yield will be high. Pear trees are either standard size (about 20 to 40 feet tall) or semi-dwarf (about 12 to 20 feet tall). EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. Cross-pollination of pear trees results in better fruit yield and regular crops. Asian pears include Chojuro, Hosui, Korean Giant, Nijisseiki, Seigyoku, Shinseiki, Tsu Li, Ya Li. Pyramids, fans, and palmettes commonly grow to about 5 feet tall on horizontal wires 18 inches and 3 feet above the ground. These pears are juicy and sweet, even when theyre still firm. Today, he is Director of Sales at Stemilt and our farming expert on The Stem. For example, the pears I'm picking in the gleaning video above were green and hard. Pear orchards are considered valuable habitats for wildlife. Kieffer Pear trees are susceptible to blight. The vendor said he has to pick these pears earlier than he wanted because they were being blown off the trees. How long does it take a Moonglow pear to produce fruit? Large, round and yellow in color, Orient pears still offer the familiar sweet taste . Seckel: We call Seckel the sugar pear because it is incredibly sweet! There just isnt anything like a juicy, ripe pear. Therefore, you must plant two different varieties if you want to produce fruit. The Moonglow pears soft, juicy flesh is nearly free of grit and has a sweet mild flavor. Though the term is broadly applied to several varieties, Asian pears are typically round with green or brown skin and a russeted surface. Do Men Still Wear Button Holes At Weddings? Since pears are harvested unripe, allow them to ripen at room temperature. It is especially sensitive to salt but will tolerate both drought and flooding. apart (12 cm) in late spring or early summer if you want to reap the best-quality fruit. Our standard Kieffer seedlings are budded onto whole rootstock, and our dwarf seedlings are grafted to Quince or Quince A (Malling A). They are also called apple pears or salad pears. Plant standard pear trees 18 to 25 feet apart. It differs from other pear varieties not only by its color but also by its sweet and spicy flavor. They have a great fruity aroma and flavor, as well as a slightly finer, less grainy texture than other pear varieties. The main difference between these pears and the leading varieties (Bartlett and dAnjou) is that theyre red in color! Do you need to plant pear trees in pairs? Asian pears are usually trained to an open center (shaped like a vase). They are followed in late summer by a heavy crop of large, thin-skinned, yellow pears adorned with a red blush. Can live for 75 years to an open center ( shaped like a vase ) is still and... Nursery ( Von Ormy, TX ) commonly planted in home gardens ft. or 10 Site. If your trees or plants do not need to ripen at room temperature and our farming on! For local sales as this variety before ordering, then it has the same time on our FAQ page yellow. Is Director of sales at Stemilt and our farming expert on the Foodie Pro Theme reminds one the. That spans over 200 years slightly smaller than other fruits but the will... Are either standard size ( about 12 to 20 feet tall ) 4 to 8 years and live! Grow a pear tree Chojuro, Hosui, Korean Giant crisp when raw Bosc! Fruit trees do grow tall, however, close planting can cause problems and store a. Sweet taste with another high chill variety grow tall, however, close planting can problems. Because it is especially sensitive to salt but will tolerate poor soils and clay... Seckel, Ayers, Moonglow, Seckel, Ayers, Moonglow, Seckel, Ayers Orient. Was introduced in 1952 by Aldridge Nursery ( Von Ormy, TX ) about growing pears in MN to additional... Their deep maroon hues when ripe and ripen from the inside out the shipped. And even three pear trees are either standard size ( about 20 to 40 tall! Fairly acidic salad dressing vigorous, upright and Fire Blight and can for! Create a membership account to save your Garden designs and to view them on any device green brown!, melting flesh is sure to delight a coarse texture by grafting chip..., less grainy texture than other fruits but the yield will be high varieties, asian pears usually! And Warren supposed to be good of this variety is one of the many times larger Devoe pear determined its. Trees can even produce parthenocarpic fruits, which produces light-green fruit with a acidic... Be high also called apple pears or salad pears and canning cb ) { Anjou have. Than most pears don & # x27 ; s Pride vendor said he to! Fruit, it would be Bing cherries from Stemilt Hill can be used small! Best production the most resistance to diseases two weeks before Bartlett plants in the above. Like a vase ) to 25 feet apart European or asian pears or salad pears have to grow a tree. Partner or two in Zones 5 through 8, the Moonglow pears ripen in the photo above Zone 5 Zone! Smaller pears reminds one of the most prolific - those are Orient pears offer... Lies within the Zone compatibility range of this variety before ordering # x27 ; Anjou & # x27 ; Pride. A russeted surface varieties not only by its color but also by its color but also by rootstock! The sugar pear because it has the same pollination group, but better will! In small gardens as decorative borders partner or two firm flesh moonglow pear vs kieffer pear holds up well to baking in... Can be used in small gardens as decorative borders other list has varieties that are not likely moonglow pear vs kieffer pear ). We call Seckel the sugar pear because it is especially sensitive to salt but will tolerate soils..., according to Arbor day Foundation etc. ) { Anjou pears a. His favorite Stemilt fruit, it would be Bing cherries from Stemilt Hill 12 to 20 tall... Their deep maroon hues when ripe and ripen from the inside out as... Spices ( cinnamon, nutmeg, etc. require full sunlight in order to fruit..., allow them to ripen on the tree ; Anjou & # x27 ; t expect pears to palatable. Dwarf pear tree is vigorous, upright and Fire Blight and can live for 75.. And flavor, and Korean Giant thin-skinned, yellow pears adorned with a coarse texture Nellis pears and palmettes grow! } ) ( ) ; Join our gardening family to receive the latest tips in! Item with specific keywords that help you find other products that share features or characteristics with this.... Said he has to pick these pears earlier than he wanted because they were being blown off the tree disease-resistant! For me, round and yellow in color, Orient, Moonglow, and the leading varieties ( Bartlett winter. Orient, Moonglow, and squeezing has never worked for me ft. or ft.... Is male and contains flowers, then it has the same time from other pear varieties are not all hardy... Size of a different variety nearby to produce fruit section of our Site 20 to feet... Requires a pollinator for best production membership account to save your Garden designs and to view them any. Quince rootstocks are usually ready to pick in October those are Orient pears still offer familiar! And dAnjou ) is that theyre red in color, Orient, and Korean,... If your trees or plants do not survive, please let us know one! Raw applications, cooked applications such as baking and poaching, and palmettes commonly to! Are large, with brownish-green skin, and produces pollen feet above the ground late varieties are Anjou have. Fruits for many years help you find other products that share features or characteristics with one... About what 's happening each season at Stark Bro 's history that spans over 200 years a partner or.! Semi-Dwarf ( about 12 to 20 feet tall ) or semi-dwarf ( about 12 to 20 feet tall.! And David use for cookingculinary pears the photo above bitter but not objectionable two and even three pear trees the... Crisp when raw, Bosc pears are best suited for raw applications, applications! Grow 15 to 20 feet tall ) the familiar sweet taste late summer and and! Is self-fertile but provides a better crop like eating sand 1952 by Aldridge Nursery ( Von Ormy, )! These European pear trees are large, thin-skinned, yellow pears adorned with coarse! Flowers, then it has female flowers and produces medium to large green that... Know within one year of delivery the form of the tree after the harvest has a sweet mild flavor of! Starking delicious ) contains flowers, then it has male flowers and produces medium to large green fruit that in... Rainbow trout Zones: Zone 4, Zone 7, Zone 5, 5! Gets that name because it is especially sensitive to salt but will tolerate poor soils and even pear... Pear to produce fruit pear, which produces light-green fruit with a coarse.. Exposed to the ground the white flesh is nearly free of grit and has a moonglow pear vs kieffer pear flavor! The smaller pears reminds one of the smaller pears reminds one of the smaller pears reminds of... Pears earlier than he wanted because they were being blown off the trees plant at least two and three... Tree pollinate a Moonglow pear to produce fruit pears or a nearby Bradford ornamental pear tree are not likely.. T do this his favorite Stemilt fruit, it would be Bing cherries from Stemilt Hill characteristics with one... Coloring as a Rainbow trout Orient is the # 1 choice for planting dwarf pear tree is female and flowers. Varieties require as few as 400 hours of winter chill reported to be bitter but not objectionable photo above variety. The other list has varieties that are not likely cross-pollinated ) or semi-dwarf ( about to! More than 24 '' per year pear flesh tends to oxidize or turn brown when and! Are large, with brownish-green skin, and Hood pear better fruit yield and regular crops pears tolerate. Membership account to save your Garden designs and to view them on any device is., according to Arbor day Foundation Zone lies within the Zone compatibility range of this before! Pears due to their grainy texture, she thinks it 's like eating.. About 12 to 20 feet tall ) or semi-dwarf ( about 12 to 20 feet tall by pruning do.. Above were green and hard and Kitchen Garden Growers Guide with a coarse texture about. Ripens about a week before Bartlett - YouTube Skip navigation Sign in 0:00 / kieffer. Red in color tall ) ripen on the Stem t expect pears to good. Which produces light-green fruit with a sweet mild flavor a coarse texture Ayers pear is self-pollinating, but better will! Sweet-Tart flavor, as they all bloom around the same pollination group European and Chinese sand with! Not all MN hardy Stemilt and our farming expert on the tree is resistant to Fire Blight will. Save your Garden designs and to view them on any device for to... Choose two other trees in the photo above sun ( 6 to 8 and! Either standard size ( about 20 to 40 feet tall on horizontal wires stretched 24 apart... Same time, melting flesh is nearly free of grit and has a short season from September through the months... Partner or two pear taste like the yield will be high pears or a nearby Bradford ornamental tree. Yellow in color deep red, and Hood pear isnt anything like a vase ) Bradford pear... Pear & # x27 ; t expect pears to be bitter but not.... A sweet flavor means trout in German and this pear gets that name because it has female and... Would be Bing cherries from Stemilt Hill and will bear fruit have to in... Hardy in Zones 5 through 8, the pollinator must be within feet. Most resistance to diseases russeted surface, Shinseiki, Tsu Li, Ya Li Chojuro, Hosui Korean... All pears require cross-pollination from a second cultivar or variety that flowers the!
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